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You are here: Home › Biomarkers › TAC1

TAC1

Basics

Aliases:
This biomarker is also known as:
  • TAC2,
  • tachykinin, precursor 1,
  • neuromedin L,
  • substance P,
  • tachykinin,
  • neuropeptide K,
  • tachykinin-1,
  • NKNA,
  • neurokinin 2,
  • neurokinin 1,
  • Protachykinin-1,
  • PPT,
  • NPK,
  • neurokinin alpha,
  • substance K,
  • neuropeptide gamma,
  • TKN1,

Description…

The tachykinin gene encodes four products of the tachykinin peptide hormone family, substance P and neurokinin A, as well as the related peptides, neuropeptide K and neuropeptide gamma. These active peptides are thought to function as neurotransmitters which interact with nerve receptors and smooth muscle cells. They are known to induce behavioral responses and function as vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Attributes

QA State: Accepted
Type: Genomic
Short Name:

Organs

The following organs have data associated with this biomarker…

Esophagus

Attributes

Phase: Two
QA State: Accepted

Overview

Esophageal adenocarcinoma risk in Barrett's esophagus is increased 30- to 125- fold versus the general population. Among all Barrett's esophagus patients neoplastic progression occurs only once per 200 patient-years. Molecular markers (individual or in panel) would be useful to risk-stratify patients for more efficient surveillance endoscopy and to improve the early detection of progression.

Performance Comment

Promoter hypermethylation of TAC1 occurs early in both major types of human esophageal carcinoma, and is a potential biomarker of poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Studies are ongoing.

Supporting Study Data

The following studies/protocols provide evidence supporting TAC1 indications for the Esophagus…

Barrett's Esophagus Methylation Profiles

We propose a nested case-control study of biomarkers in the setting of BE. By bringing together research institutions with large populations of patients with BE, we will perform a multi-center study of FISH and hypermethylation markers as possible prognostic factors in BE. The centers will select from their cohorts who have progressed to HGD or to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus ("progressors"), and who also donated samples prior to the development of cancer, when their histology was felt to be benign. These subjects will be compared to individuals who have been under endoscopic surveillance, but who have not progressed to HGD or EAC ("non-progressors"). Using this approach, we hope to identify promising markers for risk stratification in BE. We expect to be able to make successful application for a prospective study of markers identified in this case-control study.

View more about this study
Biomarker Characteristics Summary
Notes Sensitivity Specificity Prevalence NPV PPV Specific Assay Type
Assessment of the classification accuracy of a single marker using ROC curve analyses show AUC for HPP1, p16, and RUNX3 are all significantly greater than 0.50. For TAC1, AUC (95% confidence interval) was 0.571 (0.470, 0.673). 0.0 0.0 0.0
Decision Rule

PMID:17975140

Additional Study-Specific Protocols
Study-Specific Publications
Study-Specific Resources

No study-specific resources defined.

Organ-Specific Protocols

No organ-specific protocols defined.

Organ-Specific Publications

No organ-specific publications defined.

Organ-Specific Resources

No organ-specific resources defined.

Studies

No associated studies or protocols found.

Publications

Resources

Announcement